Conservation of Moroccan manuscript papers aged 150, 200 and 800 years. Analysis by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS).
Identifieur interne : 000257 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000256; suivant : 000258Conservation of Moroccan manuscript papers aged 150, 200 and 800 years. Analysis by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS).
Auteurs : Latifa Hajji [Maroc] ; Abdellatif Boukir [Maroc] ; Jamal Assouik [Maroc] ; Hamid Lakhiari [Maroc] ; Abdelali Kerbal [Maroc] ; Pierre Doumenq [France] ; Gilbert Mille [France] ; Maria Luisa De Carvalho [Portugal]Source :
- Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy [ 1873-3557 ] ; 2015.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Diffraction des rayons X (MeSH), Facteurs temps (MeSH), Histoire ancienne (MeSH), Histoire du 18ème siècle (MeSH), Histoire du 19ème siècle (MeSH), Manuscrits comme sujet (histoire), Maroc (MeSH), Microscopie électronique à balayage (MeSH), Papier (histoire), Spectrométrie d'émission X (MeSH), Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (MeSH).
- MESH :
- Wicri :
- geographic : Maroc.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- History, 18th Century (MeSH), History, 19th Century (MeSH), History, Ancient (MeSH), Manuscripts as Topic (history), Microscopy, Electron, Scanning (MeSH), Morocco (MeSH), Paper (history), Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission (MeSH), Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (MeSH), Time Factors (MeSH), X-Ray Diffraction (MeSH).
- MESH :
Abstract
The preservation of manuscripts and archive materials is a serious problem for librarians and restorers. Paper manuscript is subjected to numerous degradation factors affecting their conservation state. This research represents an attempt to evaluate the conservation restoration process applied in Moroccan libraries, especially the alkaline treatment for strengthening weakened paper. In this study, we focused on six samples of degraded and restored paper taken from three different Moroccan manuscripts aged 150, 200 and 800 years. In addition, the Japanese paper used in restoration has been characterized. A modern paper was also analyzed as reference. A three-step analytical methodology based on infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) analysis was developed before and after restoration in order to determine the effect of the consolidation treatment on the paper structure. The results obtained by XRD and ATR-FTIR disclosed the presence of barium sulfate (BaSO4) in all restored paper manuscripts. The presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in all considered samples was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The application of de-acidification treatment causes significant changes connected with the increase of intensity mostly in the region 1426 cm(-1), assigned to the asymmetric and symmetric CO stretching mode of calcite, indicating the effectiveness of de-acidification procedure proved by the rise of the alkaline reserve content allowing the long term preservation of paper. Observations performed by SEM magnify the typical paper morphology and the structure of fibbers, highlighting the effect of the restoration process, manifested by the reduction of impurities.
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.127
PubMed: 25459630
Affiliations:
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Le document en format XML
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Analysis by infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS).</title><author><name sortKey="Hajji, Latifa" sort="Hajji, Latifa" uniqKey="Hajji L" first="Latifa" last="Hajji">Latifa Hajji</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco. Electronic address: lat.hajji@gmail.com.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fez</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Boukir, Abdellatif" sort="Boukir, Abdellatif" uniqKey="Boukir A" first="Abdellatif" last="Boukir">Abdellatif Boukir</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fez</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Assouik, Jamal" sort="Assouik, Jamal" uniqKey="Assouik J" first="Jamal" last="Assouik">Jamal Assouik</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fez</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Lakhiari, Hamid" sort="Lakhiari, Hamid" uniqKey="Lakhiari H" first="Hamid" last="Lakhiari">Hamid Lakhiari</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fez</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Kerbal, Abdelali" sort="Kerbal, Abdelali" uniqKey="Kerbal A" first="Abdelali" last="Kerbal">Abdelali Kerbal</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez, Morocco.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Maroc</country><wicri:regionArea>Laboratory of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Fez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, BP 2202 - Route Imouzzer, Fez</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Fez</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Doumenq, Pierre" sort="Doumenq, Pierre" uniqKey="Doumenq P" first="Pierre" last="Doumenq">Pierre Doumenq</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Aix-Marseille University, Laboratory of Environment Chemistry, Équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bât. Villemin BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Aix-Marseille University, Laboratory of Environment Chemistry, Équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bât. Villemin BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Aix-en-Provence</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mille, Gilbert" sort="Mille, Gilbert" uniqKey="Mille G" first="Gilbert" last="Mille">Gilbert Mille</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>Aix-Marseille University, Laboratory of Environment Chemistry, Équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bât. Villemin BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4, France.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">France</country><wicri:regionArea>Aix-Marseille University, Laboratory of Environment Chemistry, Équipe MPO, Europôle de l'Arbois, Bât. Villemin BP 80, 13545 Aix en Provence Cedex 4</wicri:regionArea><placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</region><settlement type="city">Aix-en-Provence</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="De Carvalho, Maria Luisa" sort="De Carvalho, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="De Carvalho M" first="Maria Luisa" last="De Carvalho">Maria Luisa De Carvalho</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:affiliation>Universidade Nova de Lisboa, FCT, Centro de Física Atómica, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Portugal</country><wicri:regionArea>Universidade Nova de Lisboa, FCT, Centro de Física Atómica, 2829-516 Caparica</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>2829-516 Caparica</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy</title><idno type="eISSN">1873-3557</idno><imprint><date when="2015" type="published">2015</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>History, 18th Century (MeSH)</term><term>History, 19th Century (MeSH)</term><term>History, Ancient (MeSH)</term><term>Manuscripts as Topic (history)</term><term>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning (MeSH)</term><term>Morocco (MeSH)</term><term>Paper (history)</term><term>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission (MeSH)</term><term>Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared (MeSH)</term><term>Time Factors (MeSH)</term><term>X-Ray Diffraction (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Diffraction des rayons X (MeSH)</term><term>Facteurs temps (MeSH)</term><term>Histoire ancienne (MeSH)</term><term>Histoire du 18ème siècle (MeSH)</term><term>Histoire du 19ème siècle (MeSH)</term><term>Manuscrits comme sujet (histoire)</term><term>Maroc (MeSH)</term><term>Microscopie électronique à balayage (MeSH)</term><term>Papier (histoire)</term><term>Spectrométrie d'émission X (MeSH)</term><term>Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier (MeSH)</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" xml:lang="en"><term>Morocco</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="histoire" xml:lang="fr"><term>Manuscrits comme sujet</term><term>Papier</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="history" xml:lang="en"><term>Manuscripts as Topic</term><term>Paper</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>History, 18th Century</term><term>History, 19th Century</term><term>History, Ancient</term><term>Microscopy, Electron, Scanning</term><term>Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission</term><term>Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared</term><term>Time Factors</term><term>X-Ray Diffraction</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Diffraction des rayons X</term><term>Facteurs temps</term><term>Histoire ancienne</term><term>Histoire du 18ème siècle</term><term>Histoire du 19ème siècle</term><term>Maroc</term><term>Microscopie électronique à balayage</term><term>Spectrométrie d'émission X</term><term>Spectroscopie infrarouge à transformée de Fourier</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Maroc</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">The preservation of manuscripts and archive materials is a serious problem for librarians and restorers. Paper manuscript is subjected to numerous degradation factors affecting their conservation state. This research represents an attempt to evaluate the conservation restoration process applied in Moroccan libraries, especially the alkaline treatment for strengthening weakened paper. In this study, we focused on six samples of degraded and restored paper taken from three different Moroccan manuscripts aged 150, 200 and 800 years. In addition, the Japanese paper used in restoration has been characterized. A modern paper was also analyzed as reference. A three-step analytical methodology based on infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy coupled to energy dispersive spectrometry (SEM-EDS) analysis was developed before and after restoration in order to determine the effect of the consolidation treatment on the paper structure. The results obtained by XRD and ATR-FTIR disclosed the presence of barium sulfate (BaSO4) in all restored paper manuscripts. The presence of calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in all considered samples was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The application of de-acidification treatment causes significant changes connected with the increase of intensity mostly in the region 1426 cm(-1), assigned to the asymmetric and symmetric CO stretching mode of calcite, indicating the effectiveness of de-acidification procedure proved by the rise of the alkaline reserve content allowing the long term preservation of paper. Observations performed by SEM magnify the typical paper morphology and the structure of fibbers, highlighting the effect of the restoration process, manifested by the reduction of impurities.</div></front></TEI><affiliations><list><country><li>France</li><li>Maroc</li><li>Portugal</li></country><region><li>Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur</li></region><settlement><li>Aix-en-Provence</li></settlement></list><tree><country name="Maroc"><noRegion><name sortKey="Hajji, Latifa" sort="Hajji, Latifa" uniqKey="Hajji L" first="Latifa" last="Hajji">Latifa Hajji</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Assouik, Jamal" sort="Assouik, Jamal" uniqKey="Assouik J" first="Jamal" last="Assouik">Jamal Assouik</name><name sortKey="Boukir, Abdellatif" sort="Boukir, Abdellatif" uniqKey="Boukir A" first="Abdellatif" last="Boukir">Abdellatif Boukir</name><name sortKey="Kerbal, Abdelali" sort="Kerbal, Abdelali" uniqKey="Kerbal A" first="Abdelali" last="Kerbal">Abdelali Kerbal</name><name sortKey="Lakhiari, Hamid" sort="Lakhiari, Hamid" uniqKey="Lakhiari H" first="Hamid" last="Lakhiari">Hamid Lakhiari</name></country><country name="France"><region name="Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur"><name sortKey="Doumenq, Pierre" sort="Doumenq, Pierre" uniqKey="Doumenq P" first="Pierre" last="Doumenq">Pierre Doumenq</name></region><name sortKey="Mille, Gilbert" sort="Mille, Gilbert" uniqKey="Mille G" first="Gilbert" last="Mille">Gilbert Mille</name></country><country name="Portugal"><noRegion><name sortKey="De Carvalho, Maria Luisa" sort="De Carvalho, Maria Luisa" uniqKey="De Carvalho M" first="Maria Luisa" last="De Carvalho">Maria Luisa De Carvalho</name></noRegion></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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